VLC media player
It (commonly
known as VLC) is a portable, free and open-source, cross-platform media
player and streaming media server written by the VideoLAN project.
VLC
media player supports many audio and video compression methods
and file formats, including DVD-Video, video CD and
streaming protocols.
It is able to stream media over computer networks and to transcode multimedia
files.
The
default distribution of VLC includes a large number of free decoding and
encoding libraries, avoiding the need for finding/calibrating proprietary
plugins. The libavcodec library
from the FFmpeg project
provides many of VLC's codecs, but the player mainly uses its own muxers,
and demuxers. It also has its own protocol implementations. It also gained
distinction as the first player to support playback of encrypted DVDs on Linux and OS
X by using the libdvdcss DVD
decryption library.
History
The VideoLan software originated as an academic project in 1996.
VLC used to stand for "VideoLAN Client" when VLC was a client of the
VideoLAN project. But since VLC is no longer merely a client, that initialism no longer applies.
It was intended to consist of a client and server to stream
videos from satellite dishes across a campus network. Originally developed by
students at the École Centrale Paris,
it is now developed by contributors worldwide and is coordinated byVideoLAN, a non-profit organization.
Rewritten from scratch in 1998, it was released under GNU General
Public License on 1 February 2001, with authorization from the
headmaster of the École Centrale Paris.
The functionality of the server program, VideoLan Server (VLS),
has mostly been subsumed into VLC and has been deprecated. The project name has been changed to VLC media
player because there is no longer a client/server infrastructure.
The cone icon used in VLC is a reference to the traffic cones collected by École
Centrale's Networking Students' Association. The cone icon design was changed from a hand drawn low
resolution icon to a higher resolution CGI-rendered
version in 2006, illustrated by Richard Øiestad.
After 13 years of development, version 1.0.0 of VLC media player
was released on July 7, 2009.Version 2.0.0 of VLC media player was released on February
18, 2012.
In 2011 and 2012, large parts of VLC were relicensed to the GNU
Lesser General Public License.
As of 2012 VLC topped the sourceforge.net overall download
count; as of 2013 more than 1.3 billion downloads had
occurred.
VLC is now available for the iPad, iPhone, and iPod Touch on Apple's App Store. It was present in the past, was
pulled due to a licensing conflict between the GPL and the iTunes Store
agreement, but was then resubmitted under the Mozilla Public License. Work began on VLC for Android in 2010 and it is now
available for Android devices on the Google Play store. A version for the
Windows Store arrived on March 13, 2014. Support for Windows RT, Windows Phone,
and possibly the Xbox One are also in development.
Design principles
Modular design
VLC, like most multimedia frameworks,
has a very modular design
which makes it easier to include modules/plugins for new file formats, codecs,
or streaming methods. VLC 1.0.0 has more than 380 modules.
The VLC core creates its own graph of modules dynamically,
depending on the situation: input protocol, input file format, input codec,
video card capabilities and other parameters. In VLC, almost everything is a
module, like interfaces, video and audio outputs, controls, scalers, codecs,
and audio/video filters.
Interfaces
In VLC, interfaces are modules, which means that VLC's core can
launch one, many, or no interfaces.
The default GUI is based on Qt 4 for Windows and Linux, Cocoa for OS X, and Be API on BeOS;
but all give a similar standard interface. The old default GUI was
based on wxWidgets on Windows and GNU/Linux.
The interface contains an easter egg which
changes the VLC traffic cone logo so that it's wearing a Santa hat. The logo changes on December 18,
one week before Christmas, and reverts to its normal appearance on January 1.
VLC supports highly customizable skins through the skins2 interface, also
supporting Winamp 2 and XMMS skins.
The customizable skins feature can malfunction depending on which version is
being used. Skins are not supported in the Mac OS X implementation of VLC.
For console users,
VLC has a remote control interface and an ncurses interface. As VLC can act as a
streaming server, rather than a media player, it can be useful to control it
from a remote location and there are interfaces allowing this. The Remote
Control Interface is a text-based interface for doing this. There are also
interfaces using telnet and HTTP (Ajax).
Control
In addition to these interfaces, it is possible to control VLC
in different ways:
·
Configurable hotkeys
·
Mouse gestures
·
LIRC and
infrared controllers
·
D-Bus
·
Remote control software for
mobile operating systems such as Android, Symbian and iOS (iPad, iPhone, iPod Touch)
Features
Because VLC is a packet-based media
player it plays almost all video content. It can play some, even if they're
damaged, incomplete, or unfinished, such as files that are still downloading
via a peer-to-peer (P2P)
network. It also plays m2t MPEG transport
streams (.TS) files while they are still being digitized from
an HDV camera via a FireWire cable, making it possible to
monitor the video as it is being played. The player can also use libcdio to
access .iso files so that users can play files
on a disk image, even if the user's operating
system cannot work directly with .iso images.
VLC supports all audio and video formats supported by libavcodec and libavformat. This means
that VLC can play back H.264 or MPEG-4 Part 2 video as well as support FLV or MXF file
formats "out of the box" using FFmpeg's libraries. Alternatively, VLC
has modules for codecs that are not based on FFmpeg's libraries. VLC is one of
the free softwareDVD
players that ignores DVD region coding on RPC-1 firmware
drives, making it a region-free player. However, it does not do the same on RPC-2 firmware
drives, as in these cases the region coding is enforced by the drive itself,
however, it can still brute-force the CSS encryption
to play a foreign-region DVD on an RPC-2 drive. VLC media player has some filters
that can distort, rotate, split, deinterlace, and mirror videos as well as
create display walls or add a logo overlay. It can also output video as ASCII art.
VLC media player can play high definition recordings
of D-VHS tapes duplicated to a computer
using CapDVHS.exe. This offers another way to archive all D-VHS
tapes with the DRM copy freely tag. Using a FireWire connection from cable boxes to
computers, VLC can stream live, unencrypted content to a monitor or HDTV. VLC
media player can display the playing video as the desktop wallpaper,
like Windows DreamScene,
by using DirectX, only available on Windows operating
systems. VLC media player can create screencastsand record the desktop. On
Microsoft Windows, VLC also supports the Direct Media Object (DMO) framework
and can thus make use of some third-party DLLs. On
most platforms, VLC can tune into and view DVB-C, DVB-T, and DVB-S channels. On
Mac OS X the separate EyeTV plugin is required, on Windows it requires the
card's BDA Drivers.
VLC can be installed or run directly from a USB flash drive or other external drive.
VLC can be extended through scripting; it uses the Lua scripting
language. VLC can play videos in the AVCHD format,
a highly compressed format used in recent HD camcorders.
VLC can generate a number of music visualization displays.
The program is able to convert media files into various supported formats.
Operating system compatibility
VLC media player is a cross-platform media player, with
versions for Windows, OS
X, iOS, Linux, Android, BSD, BeOS, OS/2,Solaris, Syllable and QNX. However,
forward and backward compatibility between versions of VLC media player and
different versions of OS are not maintained over more than a couple or so
generations. 64-bit builds are available, and an
experimental version is available for 64-bit Windows.
Windows 8 support
The VLC port for Windows 8 is backed by a Kickstarter campaign to add support for a
new GUI based on Microsoft's Metro design language that
will run on the Windows Runtime.
It brings support for DVDs, VCDs and unencrypted Blu-ray Discs, none of which are supported
natively in Windows 8.All the existing features including video filters,
subtitle support and an equalizer will be present in Windows 8.
A beta version of VLC for Windows 8 was released to the
Microsoft Store on March 13, 2014.
Android support
In May 2012, the VLC team stated that a version of VLC for Android was
being developed. The stable release version 1.0 was made available on Google Play. on December 8, 2014.
Use of VLC with other programs
API
Several APIs can
connect to VLC and use its functionality:
·
libVLC API – the VLC
Core, for C and C++
·
VLCKit – an
Objective-C framework for Mac OS X
·
JavaScript API – the evolution of ActiveX
API and Firefox integration
·
D-Bus controls
·
Go binding
·
C# interface
·
Python controls
·
Java API
·
DirectShow filters
·
Delphi/Pascal API: PasLibVlc by:
"Robert Jędrzejczyk"
·
Free Pascal bindings and an OOP wrapper
component, via the libvlc.pp and vlc.pp units. This comes standard with the
Free Pascal Compiler as of 2012-11-06.
·
The Phonon multimedia API for Qt and KDE applications
can optionally use VLC as a backend.
Browser plugins
On Windows, Linux, OS X, and some other Unix-like platforms, VLC
provides an NPAPI plugin,which enables users to view QuickTime, Windows Media, MP3,
and Ogg files embedded in websites without
using additional products. It supports many web browsers including Firefox, Mozilla
Application Suite, and other Netscape plug-in based browsers;Safari, Chrome, and other WebKit based browsers; and Opera. Google used this plugin to build the Google Video Player web
browser plugin before switching to use Adobe Flash.
Starting with version 0.8.2, VLC also provides an ActiveX plugin,
which lets people view QuickTime (MOV), Windows Media, MP3, and Ogg files
embedded in websites when using Internet Explorer.
Applications that use
the VLC plugin
VLC can handle some incomplete files and in some cases can be
used to preview files being downloaded. Several programs make use of this,
including eMule and KCeasy. The
free/open-source Internet television application Miro also uses VLC code. HandBrake, an open-source video encoder, loads libdvdcss from VLC Media Player.



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